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A little black dress is an evening or cocktail dress, cut simply and often with a short skirt, originally made popular in
the 1920s by the fashion designer Coco Chanel. Intended by Chanel to be long-lasting, versatile, affordable, accessible to
the widest market possible and in a neutral color, its continued ubiquity is such that many refer to it by its abbreviation,
LBD.
The "little black dress" is considered essential to a complete wardrobe by many women and fashion observers,
who believe it a "rule of fashion" that every woman should own a simple, elegant black dress that can be dressed
up or down depending on the occasion: for example, worn with a jacket and pumps for daytime business wear or with more ornate
jewelry and accessories for evening. Because it is meant to be a staple of the wardrobe for a number of years, the style of
the little black dress ideally should be as simple as possible: a short black dress that is too clearly part of a trend would
not qualify because it would soon appear dated.
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| BrianJones AnitaPallenberg |
Pallenberg is known for her romantic involvement with Rolling Stones band members Brian Jones, whom she met in 1965, and Keith
Richards, for whom she left Jones in 1967. There were rumours that she also had a brief affair with Mick Jagger during the
filming of Performance, a movie in which she acted and co-wrote the script. Pallenberg strongly denied the affair in March
2007 when Performance was released on DVD. Pallenberg and Richards had three children, a son born in 1969 named Marlon, a
daughter, Angela (nee Dandelion) born in 1972 and another boy, Tara, who was born in 1976, but died of health complications
soon after birth.
Pallenberg's influence over the development and presentation of the Rolling Stones from the late sixties throughout the
seventies was significant and has been documented in many publications on the band during this period and afterwards.
Fashion changed relatively slowly in the period c.1500 to 1700, and the finest clothing was a valuable commodity, finding
its way into inventories and wills, being remade and, not infrequently, stolen. The limited terminology of dress began to
expand from the late seventeenth century onwards, with a proliferation of new terms indicating an increased rate of change
in fashionable dress. This acceleration was underpinned by a more sophisticated process of manufacture and further improved
skills but, of course, the speed of change also maintained the status quo. To be dressed in the height of fashion meant being
rich or heavily in debt.
Mary Quant OBE FCSD (born 11 February 1934 in Kent, England) is an English fashion designer, one of the many designers who
took credit for inventing the miniskirt and hot pants. Born to Welsh parents, Quant studied illustration at Goldsmiths College
before taking a job with a couture milliner. She is also famed for her work on pop art in fashion.Skirts had been getting
shorter since about 1958 a development Quant considered to be practical and liberating, allowing women the ability to run
for a bus. The miniskirt, for which she is arguably most famous, became one of the defining fashions of the 1960s. The miniskirt
was developed separately by André Courrčges, and there is disagreement as to who came up with the idea first. Mary Quant named
the miniskirt after her favourite make of car, the Mini.
In addition to the miniskirt, Mary Quant is often credited with inventing the colored and patterned tights that tended
to accompany the garment, although these are also attributed to Cristobal Balenciaga.
Lesley Hornby (popularly known as Twiggy, born 19 September 1949) is an English supermodel, actress, and singer, now also
known by her married name of Twiggy Lawson. A 1960s pop icon known for her large eyes, long eyelashes, and thin build, she
is regarded as one of the most famous models of all time.
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Fashion design is the applied art dedicated to the design of clothing and lifestyle accessories created within the cultural
and social influences of a specific time.
Fashion design differs from costume design due to its core product having a built in obsolescence usually of one to two
seasons. A season is defined as either autumn/winter or spring/summer. Fashion design is generally considered to have started
in the 19th century with Charles Frederick Worth who was the first person to sew their label into the garments that they created.
While all articles of clothing from any time period are studied by academics as costume design, only clothing created after
1858 could be considered as fashion design.
Fashion designers design clothing and accessories also for women. Some high-fashion designers are self-employed and design
for individual clients. Other high-fashion designers cater to specialty stores or high-fashion department stores. These designers
create original garments, as well as those that follow established fashion trends. Most fashion designers, however, work for
apparel manufacturers, creating designs of mens, womens, and childrens fashions for the mass market. Designer brands which
have a 'name' as their brand such as Calvin Klein or Ralph Lauren are likely to be designed by a team of individual designers
under the direction of a designer director.
Linda Morand (May 26, 1946-) was a very successful fashion model, cover-girl and haute couture mannequin during the 1960s
and 1970s. Known as Superchick Linda Morand was a modern fashion pioneer, a beacon of revolutionary style, avant-garde beauty
trends and a major face in the Mod Sixties. She appeared in national ads, TV commercials and national catalogs.
She was discovered by Eileen Ford in 1966 and appeared in Vogue, Glamour, Mademoiselle, Teen, Elle and many more international
magazines. As was one of Vidal Sassoon’s house models, Christophe created her signature style, a closely cropped
asymmetric cut which hugged her head, elegantly set atop her long slim neck.
Her favorite designer was Betsey Johnson, whose clothes she wore for many fashion layouts. She also modeled for Lilly
Pulitzer. With cut glass cheekbones, a wide-eyed gamine look and a "show stopping smile", she was a favorite of
Mademoiselle magazine editors and photographers George Barkentin, David McCabe and Gosta Petersen.
In 1967, the Human Be-In in San Francisco popularized hippie culture, leading to the legendary Summer of Love on the West
Coast of the United States, and the 1969 Woodstock Festival on the East Coast. In Mexico, the jipitecas formed La Onda Chicana
and gathered at "Avándaro", while in New Zealand, nomadic housetruckers practiced alternative lifestyles and promoted
sustainable energy at Nambassa. In the United Kingdom, mobile "peace convoys" of New age travellers made summer
pilgrimages to free music festivals at Stonehenge.
The hippie subculture was originally a youth movement that began in the United States during the early 1960s and spread around
the world. The word hippie derives from hipster, and was initially used to describe beatniks who had moved into San Francisco's
Haight-Ashbury district. These people inherited the countercultural values of the Beat generation, created their own communities,
listened to psychedelic rock, embraced the sexual revolution, and used drugs like cannabis and LSD to explore alternative
states of consciousness.
There is general agreement amongst costume historians that the origins of what we understand as fashion are to be found in
the late fourteenth century. The flowing, unemphatic full-length lines which had characterized the dress of both sexes since
late antiquity were gradually abandoned. Men's dress changed faster than women's, with the adoption of short tunics and closely-fitted
garments. This coincided with the newly formed guilds of tailors developing skills in cutting and fitting fabric to the figure,
thus allowing a much wider repertoire of stylistic effects to be achieved, with fabric and padding emphasizing or exaggerating
the contours of the body. Better trading links with the Near and Middle East had introduced wider ranges of fabric, new techniques
for their manufacture, and fresh ideas about colour and decoration. Inevitably, fashion, even in this early phase, was the
prerogative of the wealthy who could afford the rich silks and fine linens which supplemented the staple Western European
woollen fabrics. Over the next two centuries the emergence of a wealthy merchant class with international interests in trade
and banking widened demand for luxurious possessions. Sumptuary laws were introduced, prohibiting the wearing of certain fabrics
and colours, and meting out punishment to those who dared to presume that mere wealth could ensure equality of choice with
the ruling class. This reinforcement of the notion that fashion was the prerogative of the few recurred throughout the succeeding
centuries.
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